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Guide 06 · Two-stroke

Carb and jetting

VHSB 34 and PHBH 28: how to strip them without losing the stack, and which jetting figures are not yet sourced.

Updated 24 October 2026

Before you start

Carb and jetting

  • Match the carburettor to the engine before you buy.
  • Photograph the needle clip and lay the jets out in order.
  • The PHBH chart is not a chart for the 34 mm carb.

How many steps: 8

Tools

  • A tray with divided compartments. Jets are small and they bounce.
  • Screwdrivers that fit the mixture screw. A worn tip rounds it.
  • Carburettor cleaner. Compatibility with the slide coating is To verify
  • Compressed air, used gently, with your eyes protected
  • New O-rings for the float bowl if the manual lists them as a set
  • A plug spanner and a new plug of the grade you have verified, for reading the colour after a run

Parts

  • The carburettor that matches the engine: VHSB 34 or PHBH 28.
  • Jets and needle only against a manual chart or a baseline you have written down yourself. No chart is printed here.
  • Float-needle valve and bowl gasket

Slots for these parts, with empty OEM numbers and empty prices, are in theparts directory.

Specifications
ItemFigureStatus
VHSB 34Dell'Orto 34 mm carburettor on the Rotax 123.Sourced
Research brief
PHBH 28Dell'Orto 28 mm carburettor on the Rotax 122.Sourced
Research brief
PHBH28BD, 11 kW restrictedStarter jet 70, main jet 115, pilot jet 62, slide needle BN 264, float needle valve 250.Sourced
Haynes manual 4298 (Aprilia RS50 and RS125 1993-2006)
PHBH28BD, 20 kW unrestrictedStarter jet 70, main jet 120, pilot jet 62, slide needle BN 266, float needle valve 250. The 20 kW label is the manual's column, not a rewrite of the 21–23 kW homologation figures.Sourced
Haynes manual 4298 (Aprilia RS50 and RS125 1993-2006)
VHSB 34 jettingNot published. The research brief still records this carburettor on the Rotax 123. Do not copy the PHBH jets into it.Not published
Haynes manual 4298 (Aprilia RS50 and RS125 1993-2006), and the research brief
Plug and idleNGK BR10EG, gap 0.5–0.7 mm, torque 20 Nm. Idle 1,150–1,350 rpm. A blog's BR8EG is a different account and is not in the manual extract.Sourced
Haynes manual 4298 (Aprilia RS50 and RS125 1993-2006)
Pilot screw turns, float height, needle clipNot published. Throttle and choke free play are 2–3 mm.Not published
Haynes manual 4298 (Aprilia RS50 and RS125 1993-2006)

Jetting is where copied numbers do the most damage. A main jet that is slightly wrong washes the bore or seizes it, and the number depends on the carburettor, the pipe, the weather and whether the powervalve is actually opening. This guide will show you how to strip the carburettors these bikes use, how to read a plug, and which figures are deliberately missing.

Which carburettor

The Rotax 123 wears a Dell’Orto VHSB 34. The Rotax 122 wears a Dell’Orto PHBH 28. Haynes lists a PHBH28BD for both power columns, and that remains the stock jet chart. Putting a 34 mm body on a 122 that left with the 28 mm carb is a modification, not a third stock specification. The manifold, the disagreeing jet stacks and the seizure warning are on the carburettor mods page. See tuning for the same split in short form.

Photograph the stamp on the body before you buy “an RS125 carb”.

Strip without losing the order

  1. Count the mixture screw in, gently, until it seats. Write the turns down. Do not reef it. The seat is soft. The standard setting you return to is To verify if your count is lost.
  2. Drain the bowl into a jar. Note any water or varnish.
  3. Photograph the needle clip position before the slide comes out. Clip grooves are numbered from one end. The manual says which end. To verify.
  4. Lay the pilot, the main, the needle jet and the atomiser in the order they came out. The names differ slightly by Dell’Orto model. Use the exploded view in the manual, not a drawing of a different VHSB.
  5. Check the float for fuel inside it. A sunken float runs rich. The height is To verify.
  6. Clean the passages and prove them with a short blast of air, with the diagram in front of you so you know which hole should be open.
  7. Rebuild from the photographs, in the order the jets came out.

Rebuild with the photographs. A needle clip one groove out is a mid-range change you will not see at idle.

What is not a jetting chart

Haynes 4298 lists a PHBH28BD main jet of 115 on the 11 kW column and 120 on the 20 kW column, with pilot jet 62 in both. The full stack is on the carb specs page. A derestriction blog in the brief says a main jet moving up from 115, which lines up with those two mains and is not a licence to invent a third. Write your own baseline on the inside of the seat hump: pilot, clip, main, screw turns, plug, and the day’s temperature. Pilot-screw turns are Not published.

A 115 main in a different body, or on a bike that still has its catalyst, is not the same engine that blog was describing.

Reading a plug

Use a plug you can still see the colour on. Chop the ignition just after a loaded run in top gear if you want a main-jet reading, and do it somewhere you can stop safely. A plug from ten minutes of urban riding is a pilot-and-needle story, not a main-jet story. The colours people argue about are not standardised in the brief. Treat a wet, black, sooty plug as rich or oil-fouled, and a blistered white insulator as lean or too hot, and then change one thing. Oil from the pump also blackens a plug. Check the oil system in guide 8 before you lean the main jet out of a bike that is simply over-oiling.

Haynes 4298 specifies an NGK BR10EG with a gap of 0.5–0.7 mm. The derestriction blog’s BR8EG is not in that extract. Both accounts stay: the manual’s plug is the BR10EG, and the blog is one person’s step, written up on guide 12.

Common mistakes

  • Copying a 34 mm jetting stack into a 28 mm body.
  • Turning the mixture screw without counting the turns on the way in.
  • Treating one blog’s main jet of 115 as the factory baseline.
  • Fitting a BR10EG or a BR8EG because a derestriction post named them, without checking the manual.

Notes from readers

No reviewed note is attached to this page yet.Be the first to send one.

Spot a mistake? Tell usIt is reviewed before anything is published.

Sources

Research brief dated 24 October 2026. Where this page says “the brief”, that is the sourced master plan behind the first edition.